When the United States imposed trade restrictions on technological partnerships with China in 2018, the electronic component supply chain braced itself for a tech war. Over the next year, the tariffs expanded to cover hundreds of billions of dollars’ worth of goods, including many tech-related products and components, such as semiconductors, circuit boards, and telecommunications equipment. Additional restrictions focused on tech partnerships, including blacklisting companies like Huawei Technologies in 2019, which prohibited U.S. companies from doing business with them without a special license.