Network Lifecycle Management (NLM) is the systematic process of overseeing a network, and all of the components that it's comprised of, evolve from its initial design and deployment through to its retirement or replacement. It encompasses a series of phases, including planning, designing, implementing, operating, optimising, and eventually decommissioning network components. Each phase plays a critical role in maintaining network performance, security and reliability. With margins seemingly diminishing within the telco sector year over year, optimal management of the network lifecycle is increasingly important.